Chimney flashing repair - Get Chimney Services is a licensed and insured Chimney repair company and offer 24-hour Chimney Repair services to meet all your Chimney Repair needs like Exterior Chimney Repair, Gas Chimney Repair, Chimney Flashing Repair, and Chimney Repair inspection in Ocala. Get Chimney Services takes care of your Chimney Repair need …

 
GET A FREE QUOTE. Call us at (214) 225-8874 to repair your chimney in Dallas Fort Worth (DFW). We are one of the leading chimney repair service providers in DFW. We provide same day service.. Swimsuits tummy control

Need roof flashing and chimney repairs? Schedule Your Free Service with Akron's most trusted roofer, here.Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: …Average repair costs. A regular chimney sweep will cost you between $150 and $300, depending on the type of chimney you’re using and its condition. Creosote removal, however, requires a higher fee since it requires the use of special chemicals or equipment, not to mention that it involves more demanding work. Live in the greater Houston, TX area and need a quote to replace or repair your chimney’s flashing? Call Lords Chimney at 281-497-4000. Contact us at Windy Chimney Services for professional chimney flashing repair in Schaumburg and surrounding areas in Chicagoland. We can come out and perform a chimney inspection, any needed leak repairs, and fix your flashing for a protective, reliable seal. Make an appointment for repair services today. Prevent property damage to your …Chimney and roof flashing repair involves fixing any issues with the flashing, which is the metal or other material installed around the chimney and roof joints to prevent water from seeping into the house. By addressing chimney and roof flashing repair promptly, you can prevent water damage, mold growth, and structural deterioration. ...When you need to hire a contractor for chimney flashing repair or other chimney restoration services, trust HomeXpert Construction Inc. We are a business with a ...Our team at CT Chimney Repair offers top-notch chimney services, from repairs to maintenance. Trust our experienced chimney specialists to keep your home safe and cozy. Contact us today! Call Now! (860) 269-0984; Make An Appointment; Home; Chimney Services. Chimney Cleaning; Chimney Repair; Chimney Liners;If you need to replace your home's flashing or chimney, our team at Oceanside Exteriors is ready to assist! Reach out to our team today to learn more about our ...It is a crucial chimney component that needs to be inspected frequently and repaired or replaced as needed. Repairing or replacing a fireplace flashing by yourself might cause more damage than good. It raises the possibility of injuries and can result in substantial harm. If the flashing on your chimney needs repair, contact a chimney specialist.Sep 24, 2023 · Chimney Flashing Repair Cost. Chimney flashing repair costs $200 to $500 to fix and reseal. The average cost to replace chimney flashing is $300 to $1,500, depending on the chimney type. Chimney flashing is a sheet of metal installed around the base where the roof and chimney meet to prevent leaking. Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: …To repair loose roof chimney flashing: Clean any leaves or other debris out of the gap between the flashing and chimney. Use a chisel to remove any hardened roofing cement. Apply a generous amount of roofing cement …The counter flashing, which overlaps the base flashing, is embedded and sealed in the chimney’s masonry joints. This dual-element flashing allows both the roof and the chimney to expand or contract at their own rates without breaking the waterproof seal in either area. Our chimney flashing repair services will seal your home against rainwater ...Feb 29, 2024 · Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: $100–$3,000 As a homeowner, it’s crucial to prioritize the maintenance and upkeep of your property. One often overlooked aspect is the chimney. Regular chimney sweeping is essential for local ...Chimney Flashing Repair: Chimney flashing is the metal strip that seals the gap between your chimney and your roof. If the flashing becomes damaged or worn, water can leak into your home, causing damage to your roof and walls. Our team can repair or replace your chimney flashing to prevent water damage and keep your home safe.CHIMNEY FLASHING REPAIR NJ. Jamie Roofing provides 24/7 Emergency Chimney Repair, Chimney Flashing Repair and Free Estimates! Call Now 201-417-2634. See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Chimney Repairs in Orange County, CA - March 2024 - Yelp - Abraham Chimney Sweep, OC Fireplace Pro's, Chimney Checkup, A1 Chimney Services, Swede Chimney Sweep, Lucky Sully Chimney Sweep, Luna's Chimney Sweep & Air Duct Cleaning, G & G Chimney Sweep, Red Hood Chimney Sweep, Garduno Chimney Sweeps ... Chimney flashing repair offers numerous advantages for homeowners with deteriorating or damaged chimney flashing. When the chimney flashing, the metal or other material that seals the gap between the chimney and roof, is in disrepair, it can lead to various issues. By opting for professional chimney flashing repair, you can prevent water leaks ...Cracked Chimney Repair Cost. While fixing small cracks may cost less than $500, deeper cracks or those that affect a large area could reach up to $1,500. Chimney Flashing Repair Costs. Repairing chimney flashing typically costs between $200 and $500, depending on the size of the chimney andCounter flashing is bent down and installed in the mortar joints of your chimney. It's purpose is to seal off the top of the base flashing. For chimneys wider than 30", there should be a saddle flashing installed. Saddle flashing creates a peak that allows water and snow to run off and prevents it from building up on your roof and chimney.At Buzz Chimney Flashing Repair, we connect people to the professionals who can provide the service they need. 877-275-0775 . 877-275-0775. Home; Contact; Service; Get Connected; Chimney Flashing Repair. Zip Code. Get Quote If you are in need of chimney flashing repair you're in the right place! ...Billy Sweet Chimney Sweep in Boston, MA has the CSIA certified techs to handle any chimney flashing job you might have. Call 617-469-4528.1 review and 56 photos of Ed's Chimney Flashing Roofing & Repairs "Gilbert was responsive to the service requested and communicated during the fix. Did a high quality job and even repaired some spots I did not notice. Very …Prescription medications such as raloxifene and tamoxifen may cause hot flashes, according to Healthline. Medications such as Lupron and Danocrine, which lower estrogen levels, als...When we go on service calls related to leaks in the chimney system, we often find that the source of the trouble is faulty flashing. The flashing is sheet metal installed for the purpose of ensuring that the connection between the chimney and roof is watertight, but the effectiveness of flashing eventually expires.Classic Chimney Services is a local chimney services company that’s provided inspections, sweepings, and repairs for homes in central Rhode Island since 1991. 1-401-739-0284 FacebookFeb 3, 2024 · Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: $100–$3,000 Chimney Flashing Repair Look for our brightly-marked company vehicles as they travel on their way to provide chimney sweep services like chimney flashing repair, chimney crown rebuilding, and chimney cap installations in West Hartford, Manchester, Bolton, Colchester, Tolland, East Hampton, Chesire, Southington, and Glastonbury.Los Angeles Full Service Chimney Repair and Installation company, Chimney Sweep Masters near serves Residential and Commercial clients in Los Angeles. Services include Chimney cleaning, relining, inspections, certifications, caps, dampers, masonry repairs, exhaust fan installations.If your flashing is missing, we can install new, custom flashing to suit your chimney. Every chimney is unique, so flashing repair and installation is custom work that needs to be done by a professional. Billy Sweet Chimney Sweep has more than 40 years of experience building, inspecting and repairing chimneys, and we can perform the right ...Fireplace Services. “I highly recommend Joy Chimney Sweep Service for ANY chimney-related upkeep or repairs!!!” more. Responds in about 30 minutes. 12 …CHIMNEY FLASHING REPAIR NJ. Jamie Roofing provides 24/7 Emergency Chimney Repair, Chimney Flashing Repair and Free Estimates! Call Now 201-417-2634.Oct 6, 2022 · Chimney flashing can last up to 30 years and is dependent on weather elements and location. Chimney flashing leaks can occur at any time of the year. Homeowners should be on the lookout for common signs of water damage in order to maintain their chimney structure. Below are some signs that indicate it is time to have a chimney flashing repair. Professional chimney flashing repair services contribute to the preservation of your chimney's structural integrity. Damaged or deteriorating flashing can lead to water infiltration and structural damage to your chimney and surrounding areas. Expert repair technicians can identify and address issues, ensuring that your chimney remains stable ...The cost of replacing chimney flashing starts at around $400 and ranges up to $1,600 for more complicated jobs or for double chimneys, for an overall average of about $1,000.Chimney flashing is ...If your chimney is leaking and your chimney flashing is damaged then give our professionals from Knoxville TN a call. We can come out and repair your ...Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: …Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: …Pinckletink Chimney Service LLC, Mechanic Falls, Maine. 282 likes · 9 were here. Chimney Sweeping, Inspection, Caps, Repair and Lining in Central and Western Maine Now owned by Benjamin Marking!When it comes to maintaining your home, one area that often gets overlooked is the chimney. Over time, chimneys can deteriorate due to weathering and wear and tear, requiring repai...Chimney flashing repair offers numerous advantages for homeowners with deteriorating or damaged chimney flashing. When the chimney flashing, the metal or other material that seals the gap between the chimney and roof, is in disrepair, it can lead to various issues. By opting for professional chimney flashing repair, you can prevent water leaks ...We are the go-to specialists in chimney leak repair services for residential and commercial properties in New Jersey. Our highly-trained professionals are equipped to handle all types of chimney leaks, including chimney flashing repair, crack repair, mortar repair, chimney cap installation, and more. Don't hesitate to call us at (201) 254-9894. We use flashing repair system that, when dry, forms a flexible, waterproof membrane. It’s formulated for permanent adhesion to asphalt shingles, metal flashings, brick, and other chimney and roofing materials. We can solve problem leaks around the base of chimneys, stacks, and vents. It is also great for sealing around skylights. 7 Year Warranty. See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Chimney Repairs in Orange County, CA - March 2024 - Yelp - Abraham Chimney Sweep, OC Fireplace Pro's, Chimney Checkup, A1 Chimney Services, Swede Chimney Sweep, Lucky Sully Chimney Sweep, Luna's Chimney Sweep & Air Duct Cleaning, G & G Chimney Sweep, Red Hood Chimney Sweep, Garduno Chimney Sweeps ... Our company is a proud member of the National Chimney Sweep Guild and the Northeast Association of Chimney & Hearth Professionals. Count on us for the very best workmanship and service throughout the greater Frederick, MD, region. For all chimney repair services, get it done right by calling. Magic Mountain Chimney Sweeps at (301) 695-6991.At Boston’s Best Chimney, we are your one stop chimney company specializing in every aspect of chimney maintenance and repair. Click here or call (781) 893-6611 to contact us about your chimney needs. What is Chimney Flashing? Chimney flashing is most often made of rubber, aluminum, copper, steel, or lead and is located at the point where the ...Video. How to Make Common Chimney Repairs. Mason Mark McCullough shows host Kevin O’Connor some common issues with brick chimneys and how to …Oct 6, 2022 · Chimney flashing can last up to 30 years and is dependent on weather elements and location. Chimney flashing leaks can occur at any time of the year. Homeowners should be on the lookout for common signs of water damage in order to maintain their chimney structure. Below are some signs that indicate it is time to have a chimney flashing repair. Flashing Repair. Chimney flashing acts as a water deterrent at the base of your chimney on the roof that helps to prevent pooling. The flashing is custom-fitted and installed at an angle to guide water away allowing it to run off of the chimney and roof rather than soaking into the structure. Chimney and roof flashing repair involves fixing any issues with the flashing, which is the metal or other material installed around the chimney and roof joints to prevent water from seeping into the house. By addressing chimney and roof flashing repair promptly, you can prevent water damage, mold growth, and structural deterioration. ...Apr 29, 2016 ... A roof leaking around chimneys can happen for a variety of reasons such as bad flashing on the roof or porous masonry from spading bricks ...Sep 21, 2023 · Patch repair existing flashing (with scaffolding) £550. £650. £600. Our costs are ballpark averages – get a local tradesperson to quote now. The average cost to repair your existing chimney flashing without scaffolding is around £250. This could involve simply repairing the flashing by adding a new section or sealing up cracks by welding. ... chimney flashing, here ... Chimney Flashing. Here's a quick look at the pros and cons of lead vs. copper. By ... Roof Maintenance and Repair. Assessing the Problem ...We also specialize in masonry repairs! Our team can expertly repair your chimney to restore its beauty, its efficiency, and its safety. Whether you need minor mortar repairs, brickwork, or restorative stone work, Chimney Solutions is the team to call. We can even remove years of soot and grime buildup from your stone or brick! Chimney Restoration.Chimney flashing is a type of roof flashing that protects your chimney and roof from water damage and penetration. Learn the signs of …Aug 27, 2019 · Repairing Chimney Flashing leak in 5 minutes. This method uses Turbo Poly Seal and is better than any caulking.Turbo Poly Seal can be bought at https://bergs... If your chimney is leaking and your chimney flashing is damaged then give our professionals from Knoxville TN a call. We can come out and repair your ...Chimney flaunching cement mix is an essential part of a successful chimney repair or restoration job. Not only does it ensure that the chimney pots are firmly in place, but it also acts as a weather-resistant barrier to keep rain and snow out of the chimney stack. As such, selecting the appropriate cement mix for the job is very much all-important.Damaged chimney flashing can lead to all sorts of water damage in the home. Let's make sure this chimney gets flashed the right way! Learn more at https://el...Flashing Repair. Chimney flashing is a layer of protection that blocks water from damaging your chimney and roof. This waterproof seal prevents water penetration by sealing the area where the chimney meets your roof. Without proper sealing around your chimney’s exterior, moisture can seep in and grow mold or deteriorate components …Mar 12, 2019 · https://bergstromm.com/A few easy steps to stop CHIMNEY FLASHING from LEAKING. Turbo Poly Seal makes it easy to seal between the bricks, and it makes a perfe... Noticing water stains, rust, or gaps in the caulking of your chimney? Call professionals for chimney flashing repair services right away!Pinckletink Chimney Service LLC, Mechanic Falls, Maine. 282 likes · 9 were here. Chimney Sweeping, Inspection, Caps, Repair and Lining in Central and Western Maine Now owned by Benjamin Marking!FlashSeal is a versatile and easy-to-use flashing repair system that, when dry, forms a flexible, waterproof membrane. It’s formulated for permanent adhesion to asphalt shingles, metal flashings, brick, and other chimney and roofing materials. ... Professional grade chimney repair products, made for professionals. 800 S 7th St, Richmond, IN ...Chimney flashing looks complicated because it involves two distinct components: base flashing and counterflashing. The base flashing covers the joint between the chimney and the roof, ensuring that all the water that flows down the roof is channeled back onto the surface of the shingles. The counter-flashing laps over the top of the base ...Local Reviews. Chimney Repair Services. FL. Tampa. Get matched with top chimney repair services in Tampa Bay, FL. There are 13 highly-rated …Counter flashing is bent down and installed in the mortar joints of your chimney. It's purpose is to seal off the top of the base flashing. For chimneys wider than 30", there should be a saddle flashing installed. Saddle flashing creates a peak that allows water and snow to run off and prevents it from building up on your roof and chimney.Our team at CT Chimney Repair offers top-notch chimney services, from repairs to maintenance. Trust our experienced chimney specialists to keep your home safe and cozy. Contact us today! Call Now! (860) 269-0984; Make An Appointment; Home; Chimney Services. Chimney Cleaning; Chimney Repair; Chimney Liners;Video. How to Make Common Chimney Repairs. Mason Mark McCullough shows host Kevin O’Connor some common issues with brick chimneys and how to …Chimney Flashing Guarantee. We’re so sure you’ll be satisfied with our service. We offer a satisfaction guarantee that includes up to 10 years on labor and up to 30 years on material depending on the manufacturer. Contact us today at (631) 657-5059 for your chimney flashing repair needs and enjoy our hassle free, cost effective and reliable ... We are the go-to specialists in chimney leak repair services for residential and commercial properties in New Jersey. Our highly-trained professionals are equipped to handle all types of chimney leaks, including chimney flashing repair, crack repair, mortar repair, chimney cap installation, and more. Don't hesitate to call us at (201) 254-9894. Don't worry because SirVent STL Chimney & Venting Service is here to help. We have years of experience fixing leaky chimneys and one of our specialties is ... Recent Blog Posts. Chimney Flashing Repair in Kansas City. Crickets or Flash Seal to fix a Leak. Call 913-642-6171. Ask to stop chimney leaks with Roof Flashing. Pinckletink Chimney Service LLC, Mechanic Falls, Maine. 282 likes · 9 were here. Chimney Sweeping, Inspection, Caps, Repair and Lining in Central and Western Maine Now owned by Benjamin Marking!The average cost of repairing a chimney ranges between $160 to $750. However, the exact rate can vary largely depending on the type of repair. Repairs to the chimney cap or flashing are the least ...Reach out to us by phone at 317-903-8121 or schedule an appointment online. Installing an outside mount chimney cap is a big step towards reducing the need for chimney repairs later on. Call us for more informawtion. Don't let water enter that vulnerable spot where your roof and chimney meet. Call us in to install or repair your flashing.If you need to replace your home's flashing or chimney, our team at Oceanside Exteriors is ready to assist! Reach out to our team today to learn more about our ...If you have a chimney that is in need of flashing repair, call us at 609-802-5288 for professional chimney repair that you can trust. Mercer County Chimney ...Pull on pants are a great way to look stylish and put together without having to fuss with zippers or buttons. Rafaella pull on pants are the perfect choice for busy women who need...Get what you need for chimney flashing repair: 1. Safety gear: Sturdy shoes, gloves, and goggles. 2. Cleaning tools: Broom, wire brush, and scraper. 3. Sealant: Roofing cement or caulk specifically designed for chimneys. 4. Patching materials (optional): Metal flashing sheets or pre-cut rubber boots (depending on the leak size). 5.Chimney flashing repair offers numerous advantages for homeowners with deteriorating or damaged chimney flashing. When the chimney flashing, the metal or other material that seals the gap between the chimney and roof, is in disrepair, it can lead to various issues. By opting for professional chimney flashing repair, you can prevent water leaks ...Oct 28, 2023 · Cut your new flashing material to fit around the base of the chimney. This is known as the base flashing. Securely attach the base flashing using nails. Make sure the base flashing aligns with the bottom of the chimney. After installing the base flashing, install the cap (or step) flashing. Each piece of step flashing interlocks with a shingle.

Get what you need for chimney flashing repair: 1. Safety gear: Sturdy shoes, gloves, and goggles. 2. Cleaning tools: Broom, wire brush, and scraper. 3. Sealant: Roofing cement or caulk specifically designed for chimneys. 4. Patching materials (optional): Metal flashing sheets or pre-cut rubber boots (depending on the leak size). 5.. Mcdonalds tenders

chimney flashing repair

See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Chimney Repairs in Sacramento, CA - March 2024 - Yelp - Elite Fireplace & Dryer Vent Services, A-1 Professional Home Services By A-1 Chimney, Aloha Home Services, Gold Country Stoves, Chimney Guys USA, C & C Company Chimney And Fireplace Specialists, Chim Chimney Professional Fireplace & …1. As you roof along a chimney, alternate shingles and L-shaped pieces of step-flashing. Counterflashing will cover the tops of the step-flashing. For extra protection, run a bead of urethane between the step-flashing and … A professional inspection by a chimney repair specialist will identify the cause of the chimney leak and make sure repair work is carried out to a high standard. The cost to repair a leaking chimney depends on what’s causing the leak. Repointing a chimney normally costs between £500 – £1,000. Repairing chimney flashing can cost between £ ... See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Chimney Repairs in Tacoma, WA - March 2024 - Yelp - Absolute Chimney, MK Home Services, Professional Chimney Solutions, NW Fireplace Services, Black Horse Masonry, Top Hat Chimney Sweep & Repair, Chimcare, McGuire & Son’s Chimney, Hanson's Chimney, Sound Chimneys …Nov 20, 2023 · The great news for those who need to replace chimney flashing is that it shouldn’t cost you too much money. The average chimney flashing repair job will only run you between $200 and $300. This will end up being a pretty small price to pay for such an important part of your chimney. Reach out on our website or give us a call at 636-225-3340. We’ll speak with you soon! Another thing that could fix chimney leaks is installing new chimney chase tops and custom covers and we can help with that! Well-fitted and properly installed flashing is essential for preventing water damage in your walls, ceiling & chimney.A chimney flashing repair costs between $200 and $300. But for larger chimneys or ones made from stone or brick, a more expensive chimney flashing repair may be required. Flue RepairCHIMNEY FLASHING REPAIR NJ. Jamie Roofing provides 24/7 Emergency Chimney Repair, Chimney Flashing Repair and Free Estimates! Call Now 201-417-2634.FlashSeal is a versatile and easy-to-use flashing repair system that, when dry, forms a flexible, waterproof membrane. It’s formulated for permanent adhesion to asphalt shingles, metal flashings, brick, and other chimney and roofing materials. Use FlashSeal to solve problem leaks around the base of chimneys, stacks, and vents.Our services include chimney flashing, re-lining, damper installation, structural restorations, cap installation, brick tuckpointing, and certified. Contact our chimney repair experts today to arrange a free consultation. Contact Our Chimney Repair Experts Today For A Free Consultation! (727) 412-4610 or (813) 784-5836. OUR VIDEOS. Chimney ...At Boston’s Best Chimney, we are your one stop chimney company specializing in every aspect of chimney maintenance and repair. Click here or call (781) 893-6611 to contact us about your chimney needs. What is Chimney Flashing? Chimney flashing is most often made of rubber, aluminum, copper, steel, or lead and is located at the point where the ...Oct 23, 2020 · Learn how to repair flashing that can cause leaks, such as holes, corrosion, or rust. Find out how to prevent ice dams and maintain roof flashing. Get tips on DIY roof repair and expert advice from Don Vandervort, a building expert and author. The average cost of repairing a chimney ranges between $160 to $750. However, the exact rate can vary largely depending on the type of repair. Repairs to the chimney cap or flashing are the least ...Classic Chimney Services is a local chimney services company that’s provided inspections, sweepings, and repairs for homes in central Rhode Island since 1991. 1-401-739-0284 FacebookIf you have a chimney that is in need of flashing repair, call us at 609-802-5288 for professional chimney repair that you can trust. Mercer County Chimney ...Say goodbye to flashing leaks by having your flashing repaired or replaced and waterproofed today. Call 970-234-3330 or fill out our online appointment request ...Chimney flashing is usually found under the shingles at a 90-degree angle. It is attached to one side of the chimney and one side on the roof. The only way to repair flashing is to replace it. Before going up on the roof to do the replacement, it is recommended that measurements are taken around the chimney so that the flashing …Each time you light your wood stove or fireplace, you may be damaging your flue. If you don’t have a lot of experience with chimneys, then now is the time to learn to prevent a chi...Chimney repairs can take many forms for a seemingly simple structure, and costs can vary widely. Common chimney repairs include: Chimney flashing repair: $150–$500. Repointing mortar joints: $400–$2,500. Repair or replacement of flue liners: $200–$7,000. Patching brick or stone: $350–$3,000. Pouring a new concrete top: …Oct 23, 2020 · Learn how to repair flashing that can cause leaks, such as holes, corrosion, or rust. Find out how to prevent ice dams and maintain roof flashing. Get tips on DIY roof repair and expert advice from Don Vandervort, a building expert and author. .

Popular Topics